Jack: Straight From The Gut by John F. Welch, Jr. Essay

Overview: An autobiography, Jack: Straight From The Gut provides John F. Welch, Jr. the opportunity to guide us through not only his time spent as Chairman and CEO during a forty-one year career with General Electric (GE), but also his early years, and his family life outside of GE. From his days as a first grader growing up in Salem, Massachusetts playing gin with his beloved mother, to his welcoming of Jeff Immelt as his successor as CEO, Welch describes in fast moving detail his thoughts, feelings, wins, and losses, all in chronological order. As a child Welch respected and admired his father, but cherished his mother and maintained a bond with her that he references long after her death in 1965. She imparted him with enormous self-confidence and leadership skills that he developed early and kept with him through high school, his undergraduate years at the University of Massachusetts, graduate school at the University of Illinois, and ultimately throughout his time with GE. As Welch describes his GE career, he conveys many of the characteristics that led to him become CEO. Most notably, he credits his energy, passion, and integrity for his success and emphatically emphasizes that other leaders must search for those same values when building teams and cultivating talent. Along the way Welch highlights his many victories but gives equal time to his mistakes. Above all he notes â€Å"people† as the defining factor in success or failure. â€Å"In fact, GE’s all about finding and building great people, no matter where they come from. I’m over the top on lots of issues, but none comes as close to the passion I have for making people GE’s core competency.†1 Review: A quick search under â€Å"Jack Welch† on Amazon.com shows eleven different book titles, all of which, in one form or another, spread the wisdom of a man regarded widely as America’s most admired business leader. From that, one might surmise that Jack: Straight From The Gut would follow the recipe for discussion on such GE tenets as: Six Sigma, boundarlyess culture, and globalization. However, though he does spend considerable time on these standard topics, he provides much more in the way of underlying reasons for the success of these programs, and for their derivation. Unlike other books written about Welch, he wrote this one largely by himself and I found it extremely interesting compared to some of the previous efforts of authors trying to capture the essence of both Welch and GE. Of particular interest was Welch’s detailed analysis of Reg Jones’ selection process in 1980 that led to Welch succeeding him as CEO, versus Welch’s own selection process nearly twenty years later for his own replacement. Welch describes in game-like fashion his position of underdog against eight other GE executives under consideration for the job. â€Å"We were all working our butts off trying to differentiate ourselves.†2 Welch ultimately wins the game but vows to himself to select his successor in a different and more fair way, if at all possible. He would get that chance in a process he began in 1994 when he asked his VP for executive development to put together a list of attributes for the â€Å"ideal CEO†3 â€Å"The specs were filled with skills and characteristics you’d want: integrity/values, experience, vision, leadership, edge, stature, fairness, and enery/balance/courage.† 4 Those that filled this criteria totaled 23, but were whittled down to eight serious candidates by 1998. In 2000 Welch formally announced the three final candidates, but took an unprecedented bold step in naming each of their replacements. This ensured that GE would lose two top executives after naming one to become the new CEO, but was done to provide the new leader 100% confidence that he was in charge and would have no reason to have to look over his shoulder. I found the process that named Jeff Immelt CEO and the one that selected Welch in 1980 both fascinating. Welch delivers his message in a confident and candid manner as one might expect, but quite self-effacing at times which may surprise some readers. He certainly takes credit for, and celebrates victories, but gave equal time in the book, if not more, to his mistakes. As a recent book review in The Wall Street Journal indicates, â€Å"He lacks standard-issue pomposity and makes plenty of jokes at his own expense.†5 From relaying a time early in his career when his new car had a hose spring a leak and ruin his suit and the paint on the car, to bigger mistakes such as the well publicized perceived failure of GE’s Kidder Peabody unit, Welch maintains an air of humility and self deprecation throughout the book. Takeaways: As an employee of GE’s medical division, I enjoy reading about Welch and have read a few other books about him. However, none captivated me as this one did. I expected to find it interesting but had no idea how much so until only a few pages into it. Learning about the boy, the student, the engineer, and the leader who would transform an already successful company into arguably the best company in the world was very entertaining. For me, working in the GE culture and experiencing it as I have over the past four years gives me a tremendous sense of pride. I understand Welch’s vision well when he speaks of, â€Å"the four Es of GE leadership: very high energy levels, the ability to energize others around common goals, the edge to make tough yes-and-no decisions, and finally, the ability to consistently execute and deliver on their promises.†6 I understand what he looks for and strive hard to emulate that image. In my opinion, hearing his basis and rationale for creating this culture further enhances people’s abilities to thrive in it. My final takeaway involves that of integrity. Welch begins and ends the book with this theme and mentions it many times throughout. I’ve heard him mention it many times previously, but he drives it home with such passion and conviction here in his memoirs. â€Å"I never had two agendas. There was only one way-the straight way.†7 With no regrets and apologies to none, the business world certainly has not heard the last of Jack Welch. Endnotes 1. Jack Welch and John A. Byrne, Jack: Straight From The Gut (New York: Warner Business Books, 2001), 156. 2. Ibid., 79. 3. Ibid., 409. 4. Ibid. 5. Holman W. Jenkins Jr., â€Å"Life According To Jack Welch,† The Wall Street Journal, 21 September 2001, sec.W, p. 12. 6. Welch, 158. 7. Ibid., 381. Bibliography â€Å"Life According To Jack Welch.† The Wall Street Journal, 21 September 2001, sec. W, p. 1. Welch, Jack, and John A. Byrne. Jack: Straight From The Gut. New York: Warner Business Books, 2001.

Sasmsung Poter 5 Forces

CHM1022 Lab Report 1 Rate Law of an Iodine Clock Reaction Name: Sashini Naomi Wijesekera Student ID: 23877847 Lab Partner: Zahiya Imam Lab Session: Monday 9. 00am Aim The aim of the experiment is to determine the factors that affect the rate of a reaction, by performing the iodine clock reaction and repeating it changing different initial conditions in order to measure and compare the rate of reaction for each experiment and experimentally determine the rate law. MethodRefer CHM1022 Laboratory Manual, Semester 1 2013. Results and Calculations- Part A- Calculations of rate for one set of conditions 1. n(S2O32-)=CV =0. 0025M*(10/1000)L =2. 50*10-5mol Molar ratio of I2 : S2O32- = 1 : 2 n(I2)=0. 5*n(S2O32-) =0. 5*(2. 50*10-5mol) =1. 25*10-5mol Mean time taken for blue colour to appear = (131sec+135sec+145sec)/3 =137seconds Rate of reaction=n(I2)/t =(1. 25*10-5mol/137sec) =9. 12*10-8mols-1 [H2O2]: C1V1=C2V2 0. 8*1=C2*99 C2=8. 8*10-3M [I-]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 025*10=C2*99 C2=2. 53*10-3M [H30+] : C1V1= C2V2 0. 36*35=C2*99 C2=0. 127M [S2O32-]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 0025*10=C2*99 C2=2. 53*10-4M Part B-Results and calculations B4 (i) n(S2O32-) = 0. 0025*(5/1000) = 1. 25*10-5mol Molar ratio of I2 : S2O32-=1: 2 n(I2)=0. 5*n(S2O32-) n(I2)= 0. 5*(1. 25*10-5) =6. 25*10-6mol B4 (ii) n(S2O32-)= 0. 0025*(20/1000) = 5*10-5mol Molar ratio ofI2: S2O32-=1:2 n(I2)=0. 5*n(S2O32-) n(I2)=0. 5*(5. 0*10-5) =2. 5*10-5mol Part B-Results and calculations | | | | | | |Time/s |n(I2)/mol |Rate/mol s-1 |Concentration/M | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |Mean time/s | | | | |B1[H202] (i)higher (ii)lower | 66 | 63 | 61 | 67 | 69 | 60 | 64 | 1. 5*10-5 | (1. 25*10-5)/64=1. 95*10-7 |[H2O2]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 8*2=C2*99 C2=0. 016 | | | 249 | 287 | 242 | 262 | 252 | 260 | 259 | 1. 25*10-5 | (1. 25*10-5)/259=4. 83*10-8 |[H2O2]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 8*0. 5=C2*99 C2=4. 0*10-3 | |B2[I-] (i)higher (ii)lower | 78 | — | 78 | 87 | — | — | 81 | 1. 25*10-5 | (1. 25*10-5)/81=1. 54*10-7 |[I2]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 025*20=C2*99 C2=5. 1*10-3 | | | — | 252 | 288 | 261 | — | — | 267 | 1. 25*10-5 | (1. 25*10-5)/267=4. 68*10-8 |[I2]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 025*5=C2*99 C2=1. 26*10-3 | |B3[H30+] (i)higher (ii)lower | 91 | — | 92 | 94 | — | — | 92 | 1. 25*10-5 | (1. 25*10-5)/92=1. 36*10-7 |[H30+]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 36*70=C2*99 C2=0. 55 | | | 206 | 226 | 221 | 207 | — | — | 215 | 1. 25*10-5 | (1. 25*10-5)/215=5. 81*10-8 |[H30+]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 36*17. 5=C2*99 C2=0. 064 | |B4[S2032-] (i)lower (ii)higher | 61 | 67 | 71 | 69 | — | — | 67 | 6. 25*10-6 | (6. 25*10-6)/67=9. 33*10-8 |[S2032-]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 0025*5. 0=C2*99 C2=1. 26*10-4 | | | 230 | 245 | — | 244 | — | — | 240 | 2. 5*10-5 | (2. 5*10-5)/240=1. 04*10-7 |[S2032-]: C1V1= C2V2 0. 0025*20=C2*99 C2=5. 05*10-4 | |B5(Temp) (i)warmer (ii)colder | 65 | 60 | 58 | — | — | — | 61 | 1. 25*10-5 | (1. 25*10-5)/61=2. 05*10-7 | T=450C | | | — | 288 | 310 | 303 | — | — | 300 | 1. 25*10-5 | (1. 25*10-5)/300=4. 17*10-8 | T=150C | |

How to Write the Pomona College Essays 2018-2019

As one of the five colleges in the Claremont College system , Pomona is often considered as one of the best liberal arts colleges in the country. It boasts a tight-knit community of diverse students both in their background as well as academic interests. Additionally, as a Claremont College, students at Pomona are able to access the resources of the other colleges in the system to expand their undergrad experience. Wherever your interests lie, you can be sure that you will be able to forge your own path at Pomona College . For the class of 2022, only 6.9% of applicants were accepted, making it the most selective year of the school’s history. With so many applicants that apply, having a strong essay that really sets you apart from other students is vital to a successful application. In our guide, we will walk you through all of the supplemental essays offered for this cycle and give you suggestions for how you can approach answering each one. Read on to learn more about how to write a great essay! Before you dive into answering this question, remember that you are only given a 50 word limit. As such, you are not being asked to write another deep piece about your childhood or an issue that matters to you— you should have already covered such topics in your Common Application . Instead, use this space to be straightforward and direct. Perhaps you have a hobby that wasn’t really explored yet or a quirk that all your friends have come to identify you with. Whatever it is that makes you the person you are, this is the space to put it into the spotlight. In terms of formatting, due to the limited space, you may not have enough time to really go into an explanation about what this topic is or give much background. As an alternative, you can answer the prompt in the form of a list or short action-packed sentences. For example, if you love to solve hands-on puzzles like the Rubik’s cube, then you may write something like: It’s one in the morning. Under the luminescent glow of my lamp, my hands are moving furiously. Finally, I glance at the stopwatch and slam the object onto the table. Twenty-five seconds. My new record. The completed Rubik’s cube stares back at me, beckoning me to solve it once more. The â€Å"essay† doesn’t necessarily need to have a resolution like your other essays might, but it allows you to give the reader a small glance into your world and to show them what is important to you simply because it just is. This essay is the classic â€Å"Why Major† essay. If you already have an idea of what major you are interested in, then this is the space for you to explain all the reasons that this specific academic field excites you! That being said, it’s easy for people to fall into the trap where they then spend too much time explaining the nuances of the field and why it is cool in general instead of focusing on why they like it personally . For example, you may be interested in chemistry because the labs are exciting and you like knowing the building blocks of life. While those may both be true, using this reason to justify your choice doesn’t give the admissions counsel any more insight as to why you would choose chemistry over biology. The point is, you need to show that you have actively engaged with the major you have selected, and understand enough of the nuances in the field to make your informed decision. A better response to the chemistry example would be: I am currently interested in learning more about the human body at the cellular level, but in order to gain a full appreciation of the cell, I will also need a good grasp of the physics at play. As the central science, chemistry will allow me to build those connections between the two science disciplines and as a result help me become a better versed researcher. Remember that every essay you write should always circle back to you in some way, and â€Å"Why Major† essays are no different. Some questions to help get you thinking about your response are listed below. 1)   Ã‚  Ã‚  What is your earliest memory of interacting with this subject? 2)   Ã‚  Ã‚  When you are engrossed in this subject, what kind of feelings are evoked? 3)   Ã‚  Ã‚  What have you already done up to this point to pursue your interest in this subject? 4)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Where do you see this subject playing into your life after graduating college? You may choose to answer one or all of the questions listed above, but take them more as prompting guidelines. You can definitely answer this question in a more straightforward manner, but you may also choose to convey your passion for a major in a more anecdotal manner. For those of you who have no idea what to choose, no worries! Colleges are well aware that declaring a major is a huge decision, and it’s very common to see students switching majors even in their Junior year. What Pomona is really looking for in this essay is to see if you have an academic passion. After all, this is a school widely known for the rigor of their classes, so they want to fill up the classroom with students who are driven and curious about the world around them. If you are undecided, you should still choose at least two or three subjects that you are vaguely interested in, and talk about why those fields have been of interest to you in the past. You may want to use these examples more as a way to show off your curious side, and talk about what kind of learner you are. Who knows, perhaps your reason for remaining undecided is simply because you have so many interests that you don’t want to confine yourself to one without getting a chance to explore what’s out there! That is a great sentiment which reveals both conviction in your decision as well as passion. Submit your essay and we’ll get back to you with helpful edits. Though this question asks about a location that is important to you, the trick is that you can actually make this essay about any topic that you want. As long as you can find a connection between the topic you want to write about and the location, you can use the latter as just a jumping off point. To begin, you want to figure out what â€Å"meaningful† means to you. It doesn’t necessarily have to be the first place you think of, but it should be a place where some sort of transition happened. Perhaps you will talk about the trunk of your family’s pickup truck because that is where your mom showed you how to find constellations, thus sparking your continued interest in astronomy. Or maybe you will talk about the soup kitchen that you dedicated your weekends to because your acts of service have led you to become very passionate about social work and gain a deeper appreciation for the opportunities you have in your own life. Whatever you choose, whether that location hold an academic connection or a more personal one, the important part is that you not only describe the place and why it is important initially, but also how you have changed as a result. Think of this essay as one that needs to answer three questions. 1)   Ã‚  Ã‚  What were you like before you formed a connection with this location? 2)   Ã‚  Ã‚  What happened with this location that makes it so special to you? 3)   Ã‚  Ã‚  After your interactions with this location, what have you learned/taken away? If you chose a fictional place, the same three questions apply. Just be careful that you aren’t using too much space providing background for the piece of literature your location comes from. For example, if you write about Hogwarts, the admissions committee don’t want to read a simplified history of Harry’s life. Instead, they want to see what your personal connections with this school of magic is. If you find yourself needing to provide a lot of supplementary information, then what you are actually writing about is a piece of fiction that has shaped you in a meaningful way. First, let’s decode the first three adjectives. Eager in this context can be conflated with driven, thoughtful with aware, and reverent with respectful. While there may be other words that these three adjectives can be synonymous with, the basic idea is that you should avoid listing the qualities of â€Å"driven, aware, and respectful†Ã¢â‚¬â€words that are often overused anyways. Instead, forget about trying to find a quality that can encompass a whole campus of individuals and is very grandiose. Focus on yourself and the people that you look up to most in your life. What are the reasons that you surround yourself with their company? What is something about them that inspires you? The word that comes to mind may not always seem significant, but choosing the fourth adjective is only the first part of conquering this essay. The more important part is your explanation as to why you value this specific trait. When you explain your reasoning, any word that you choose will become important. For example, maybe your fondest memories of your friend group are the weekly Wednesday night study sessions that always end up as a karaoke session. You love your friends because they know how to be goofy even during stressful times, and show you that there is more to life than studying for the next exam. You might also think of your grandfather’s stubbornness in always doing what feels right to him. Many people tend to shy away from the word â€Å"stubborn† like the plague, but the word does not always have to carry negative connotations. Stubbornness can mean believing in doing the right thing despite what the majority of others believe, or even a confidence in one’s own abilities. As mentioned before, any adjective you choose can be used to make a statement about who you are and what you believe in, but with this essay it is so important to be genuine. The reasons you provide in the answer will generally be very personal, so the more truthful you are the stronger your essay will be. Depending on how you choose to interpret the word â€Å"tragedy†, this essay could be a great piece for someone who wants to write a more light-hearted piece. You can use tragedy ironically, or as an over-exaggeration. For example, you could talk about a Halloween where you ate your entire haul in a single weekend and ended up with two painful cavities. You can use this seemingly mundane event to launch into a piece about your self-control and how you have been able to improve on it dramatically over the years. As a more serious example, you could also talk about a time when you let a great opportunity pass you by because you didn’t think you were eligible only to find out that it was well within your reach. While you are sharing a slip-up in this version, it is still a powerful example to use because you can use it to convey that since that time, you are now a very proactive individual and actively seeks out ways to use the resources available to your advantage. As with the first option of prompt 3, this essay is about your growth as an individual surrounding a specific â€Å"tragedy†. Thus, the instance you choose should only be the turning point, and not the whole essay. Once you find your instance, the next step is to figure out what you have learned from it. As you write your Pomona supplements, remember that they should always be working together to reveal more facets of yourself. Think about what message you really want to deliver to the admission committee, and as you read through what you have written, ask yourself if those messages are coming through. Sometimes, it may even be helpful to find a neutral party to read through your responses and tell you’re their impressions. We wish you the best of luck in your writing, as well as the rest of your process! Want help on your Pomona application or essays? Learn about our College Apps Program. Want us to quickly edit your college essay? Submit it to our Rapid Review Program , and we’ll get it back to you quickly with comments from our expert team.

SHORT STORY QUESTIONS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

SHORT STORY QUESTIONS - Assignment Example In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† there are lines that show how the narrator (Jane) inconsistently describes her perception of the wallpaper in the room. This makes obvious her slow and continuous descent into madness. Jane, through the wallpaper, realizes that it is impossible for her to accept living life locked up in some room. In â€Å"A Jury of Her Peers,† the men take in the detail of the messy housekeeping abilities of Mrs. Wright, seeing it as laziness, while the women see it as Mrs. Wright being unhappy in the marriage. There was also a parallelism between the murders of Mr. Wright to the murder of their pet bird, as both were strangled to death. This is somewhat a common concept in marriage during that era, as men usually view women as clueless creatures who are merely capable of doing housework. In all three stories, the endings were usually death or horrible separation from the spouse. This is symbolical of the way marriages were viewed during that era. It was like there is always one partner who is unhappy, while the other is

Composition 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Composition 2 - Essay Example Rather, they are only examples which can be used to see how different authors approach their writing. The Joy of Reading shares about the reasons why the author loves to read. There are a number of benefits of reading that is enumerated which make up the bulk of the article. The International Bridge on the other hand speaks about what the internet provides for the user. It presents a personal inventory of the advantages of the internet. Preventing a Worldwide Disaster is about air pollution. It is a persuasive essay that aims to encourage readers to do something about a worldwide problem which is caused by numerous human activities. Some examples of such actions or operations are enumerated in order to clarify the points the author is trying to make. Lastly, Napoleon’s Fall from Power talks about the reasons why Napoleon Bonaparte failed in his latter conquests and in his ultimate goal of reigning as king over France and her colonies. Although the four aforementioned articles have different subject matters, they have a number of similarities. One very evident semblance is the length of the writings. They are all short, composed of only a few paragraphs. As a result, they were all written as concise as they can be. They are direct to the point and make good use of every word and sentence to express the thoughts as clearly as possible. In order to expound on the ideas presented by the four articles, they all used enumeration. For instance, the first story used words such as â€Å"one reason†, â€Å"another reason† and â€Å"the main reason† while the other three used chronological ordering by using the terms â€Å"first†, â€Å"second† or â€Å"next† and â€Å"the most important†, â€Å"another† or â€Å"finally†. In addition, they also used examples to further explain their topics. All of the four articles also used the pyramid style of writing, discus sing first

Final Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Final - Research Paper Example Various concepts of validity and reliability have been discussed to analyze the extent of accuracy of the measurements in the research. Other than that, the ethical aspects of using human subjects in the research have also been analyzed. Table of Contents Research Methodology 4 Criteria for Research Method Selection 4 Difference between: 4 a)Facts and Theory 4 b)Concepts and Variables 5 Use of Theoretical Perspective in Design Process 5 Validity and Reliability 5 Construct Validity 6 Measurement Reliability 6 Quantitative and Qualitative Research Design 6 Quantitative Research Design 6 Qualitative Research Design 7 Requirement of Ethics in Research 7 Comparative Study between non-experimental, quasi-experimental, and experimental research designs 8 References 9 Research Methodology The process of systematically solving the research problem is called research methodology. It can also be understood as a way to conduct research scientifically. The researchers study the problems and the logic behind them, with the usage of the right research methodology. The researchers not only have to assess the quantitative aspect of any research but also its qualitative dimension too. It is also necessary to analyze the assumptions that have been taken for various techniques and also the criteria by which the techniques could be chosen. In the virtual project management of oil and gas industry, the right methodology for conducting research is by mailing questionnaire to the respondents, conducting telephonic survey or through observation (Kothari, 2008, p. 7-8). Criteria for Research Method Selection As we have already studied, research methodology is the tool for scientifically approaching a research problem. So the success and the failure of the research are mostly depended upon the right research tool selected by the researcher. The criteria for selecting the research tools are not fixed, they vary according to the research problem, the issues behind such situation and the l ogic behind selecting the method of research. In this study the research is conducted to analyze the various issues that arise when companies utilize virtual project tools in the oil sector. These projects are usually undertaken by teams of people who work from different countries around the world. So in this case telephonic survey or questionnaire sent through mails would be the best method for data collection. Difference between: a) Facts and Theory The things which we can see, feel, touch or hear are facts as it can be verified and its existence is real for us. Even when we do not personally experience something, but the experiences of others are also counted as a fact. In research facts are those which can be tested and verified. For example in virtual projects, the virtual project tools such as the satellites show the picture of the oil wells, pipeline or oil spills to the project managers in their offices. This is also a fact. Theory on the other hand utilizes the fact and put forward the reason behind such occurrence. It is the logic behind the fact that took place. In research it is very important to identify the reason behind the problems; otherwise solutions cannot be formulated for the same. b) Concepts and Variables The point of difference between concepts and variables are the measurability. Concepts are perceptions that are created in minds

Policy Brief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Policy Brief - Essay Example This might lead to worse security situation in that state. Improving law and order in that state might be the first step instead of imposing penalty on possession of guns. Continuing with the previous example of drug control policy, a report was published by GAO on March 26, 2013 (Larence & Kohn, 2013) that mentions a policy by Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), which nose-dived horribly in achieving its goals. The policy was stated in the year 2010 as a part of National Drug Control Strategy. It was supposed to achieve its targets of reducing illicit drug use by year 2015. Various economic analysis models used for evaluating public polices depend on the nature, its goals and the demographics. Deterministic models and simulation models are among the many that are employed by public policy analysts. For the policy by ONDCP, the analytic models used were primarily for studying other aspects of the policy that included politically driven agenda. For instance, there are some states that have allowed the use of medical marijuana. To study the reason as to why they are allowed to smoke weed, needs to go in the analysis if ONDCP is to be successful in reducing its usage. It’s quite startling that the model used to analyze this revealed that such states already had a high usage of marijuana even before medical weed got the green signal from the authorities (Larence & Cohen, 2013). Equity in a public policy doesn’t refer to the stock market shares. It might seem to be closely related to equality but it is not. For instance, equity in a public policy generally refers to proportionate allocation of resources, which is not equality (Nagel, 1983). Resources could be in any form, money, commodity, manpower etc. Relating the concept of equity to the case under discussion, suppose two cities get $200,000 each to collect

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Orientalism - Movie Review Example In â€Å"Orientalism,† Edward Said, wanted to explain to the western world, especially the United States, some of the cultural and ideological differences between the â€Å"orient,† by which he means the Middle East, and the United States. Said’s â€Å"Orientalism† is divided into six sections, and in each section, he tackles one of the significant aspects of the relationship between the Middle East, representing the East, and the United States, representing the West. The five sections of â€Å"Orientalism† are designed under the titles: â€Å"The Repertory of orientalism,† â€Å"Orietalism and Empire,† â€Å"American orientalism,† â€Å"Orientalism Today : The Demonization of lslam in the News and Popular Culture,† â€Å"Oklahoma city Bombing,† and â€Å"Orientalism and Palestinian Question.† The dominating theme in the six sections is the notion that Orientalism constitutes a package of thoughts , beliefs, cultures, and traditions that are unique to the orient, and have to be adequately absorbed and understood by the East. According to Said, Orientalism does not connote a political or a social aspect alone. Rather, to understand the concept of Orientalis m according to Said, one has to develop deep understanding of many aspects that are unique to the orient. This idea is clearly expressed by Said when he introduces Orientalism as â€Å"a distribution of geopolitical awareness into aesthetic scholarly, economic, sociological, historical, and philological texts.† (Chapter 4) So, by using this set of â€Å"aspects,† Said approaches Orientalism as â€Å"a whole series of ‘interests’,† not a single entity. Among the various aspects of Orientalism, the cultural aspect remains the most distinguished and unique to the orient. The diversity of the cultures of the orient is stressed by Said, who believes that â€Å"cultural strength is not something we can discuss very easily.† Said declared that New York "plays an important role in the kind of

Chicano History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Chicano History - Essay Example The positive significance of the Southwest can be explained by the fact that the present states of Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California and parts of Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Oklahoma and Kansas were at one time Mexican territory. Mexico inherited this vast territory when it acquired its independence from Spain in 18211. Furthermore, these Southwest Mexicans never acquired a strong link to Mexico. Mexicans in some of these regions, in New Mexico primarily, maintained a strong link with their past and a heritage that they traced to the Southwest and to colonial New Spain. Mainstream society promoted a separate identification of Mexicans, even as they were being incorporated into the Union. The positive impact was that Chicano were the only national groups which kept Spanish language traditions in the U.S. territory. Spanish authorities and officials established written traditions in this land before the first English colonies penetrated this region. Also, they established Spanish as a n official language and provided education on Spanish2. Churches and church schools were also crucial vehicles in preserving Spanish. In the nineteenth century, when Bishop Jean Baptiste Lamy took control of the Catholic Church in New Mexico, he attempted to wrest control away from local Hispanic leaders; nonetheless, he had to allow the use of Spanish in Catholic schools. Also in nineteenth-century New Mexico, schools newly established by Baptist churches taught Spanish along with English so that future ministers could be effective in proselytizing New Mexicans. In California, mission churches ministered in Spanish, offering a continuity lasting from the colonial period until the end of the nineteenth century3. In the process of these territorial severances, many Southwest Mexicans felt insecure that provisions protecting Mexicans would be honored; others were embittered because they felt Mexico had betrayed them. As a consequence, out of the tens of thousands of Mexicans living in the Southwest, about three thousand took advantage of official Mexican attempts to repatriate marooned Mexicans in the newly acquired American territories. The experience of oppression of Mexicans who remained behind in the U.S. was cited regularly by Chicano Movement activists as a basis for charges of historical mistreatment4. In essence, it is true that, because of an Anglo-American unwillingness to accept Mexicans as equals, they often ignored treaty agreements that gave Mexicans all the rights of citizens. But as Anglo domination increased, Spanish was pushed out of areas dominated by Anglos; at times it was vilified and almost always subordinated by them. Immediately after the war with Mexico, for example, most official and economic activity was conducted in English. In the political arena, Mexican Americans promoted bilingualism in the legislatures of New Mexico and California, yet proceedings almost always took place in English. As Spanish-speaking politicians improved their English or lost their power, Spanish was eradicated. The American acquisition threatened identity and ethical unity of the population, their cultural traditions and values. The Mexican population opposed this influence speaking Spanish language at home and preserving their cultural traditions. The break that immigration brought to the mainspring ideal of the Chicano Movement, a claim to the Southwest heritage, presented movimiento ideologies with a

Supply chain management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Supply chain management - Essay Example This involves buying the necessary products, and upgrading, recycling, installing, maintaining or replacing them. The effective principle in consumption is to resolve the problems encountered by consumers and for this to be achievable, one must apply proper information about the consumption of a product. The principle provides that one should not put the customer on waiting and this is achievable by removing all barriers, which involve queuing, which may lead to time wasting. It’s further aimed at ensuring that the customer access whatever they need and this obtainable by putting in place measures that are workable, add value to products by applying cost effective measures and it also provide that the goods should be made valuable upon request by consumer and this can be achieved by working closely with the customers. The above principles can be achieved by application of effective consumption, provision and production of products. Since these principles are easy to comprehend and apply then they are compatible with any line of production. How leaders make effectiveness stick To make the efficiency principles to be constant, there is the need for motivation. This can be in the form of rewards such as promotions and bonuses. The efficiency tools and techniques can be used in budgeting and other preparations in order to work well. It is also advisable to keep track of the results. For the lean idea to work, the people working should have positive attitudes and be determined on making it work. This goes a long way in making them focused. This can be done by setting up standards that need to be met and making any necessary developments. There is need for pilot tests to prove that the efforts are beneficial. Therefore, from the above point, it is true to say that implementation of the lean is the determining factor in whether it will stick or not. There is also need for some motivation for the people in order to show them that it can result in good and signif icant change. Application of strategy This has been developed from Toyota’s â€Å"Hoshin Kanri†, being basis of its planning and implementation methods. In this era, the markets demands for very little mistake, emphasizing the necessity of strategizing. It is also wise to approach it in a different manner, which is unique and focuses on entrepreneurship. Having strategies is important in lean as it allows analyzing getting results. This should be focused on making plans, making the problems known and getting solutions to those problems. This can be done through approaches that make the process of adjusting a bit easier. Problems can be either big, which are usually less, medium and small ones which are the most. By breaking the problems down to small pieces to investigate on its nature and analyzing it using the five why analyses, it is possible to gather solutions and the possible and best measures to take. Intuition is also an important aspect to include in the strat egy. The aforementioned gives very detailed ideas on correcting problems in small bits. The

Consolidated Life Case-Business Ethics Essay Example for Free

Consolidated Life Case-Business Ethics Essay Consolidated life is a prestigious insurance company however, due to the nature of the establishment the duties required by the worker neither required minimal knowledge nor did you have to have a high level education in order to obtain a position at the company. Mr. Mike Wilson however, obtained a business degree in administration. He was hired by Consolidated Life as simply as you can put a clerical worker. He worked in the policy issue department which main duties included processing or in taking clients orders for insurance, customer service, and client services. One would say that working for them; your performance required little to no creativity. It was the same day-to-day work load. Because it required so little creativity, daily routines were repetitive and can be done basically, with your hands tied to you back. Mike Wilson demonstrated how an effective a leader can be in the workforce rather than just a manager by title. He portrayed in existence of â€Å"high fidelity† which is the best experience you can have in a workplace. In the book Trade Off, by Author Kevin Maney, the word fidelity deals with â€Å"the total experience of something† (Maney, 2009). The author also says that â€Å"aura† can also provides an advantage to fidelity. With that being said Mr. Wilson influenced his co-workers with providing them with incentives and rewards in which they can gain a reward at the end of the task but most importantly he provided the right tools and motivations in order for his employees to work in a positive mind frame. This created a system of mutual bipartisanship between supervisor and employee. Model: based on the Organizational Model Behavior Mikes drive and motivation can be comparable to a person with theory y attributes. The theory Y concept displays how an employees work is as natural as play. Also a person with this characteristic has a huge sense of self-direction and self-control. Mr. Wilson showed this by cultivating a modern management technique that motivated its workers rather than coerced them which a person who you can place in this. Whereas, a person with the characteristics of theory x† carries the opposite attractions. The individual is not seen as enthusiastic about their job. They are mainly threatened or told â€Å"do it or else† and as stated before, lack the ability and drive to overachieve. They usually follow the motto, overpromise-under deliver. Mikes performance ultimately won him a promotion working in the supervisory assignment area. He won this promotion just six weeks after promise. Mike brought a sense of modern culture although it was seen as unorthodox or non-traditional. When comparing the delegation of authority in the levels of management the organization structure clearly shows that the establishment followed an authority oriented program in which Presidents are first to make decisions for the overall â€Å"vision† for the company in which it then trickles down to the VP who implements the President’s strategy by orchestrating a staff of supervisors to oversee the execution. Situation: There seems to be a drastic change to the division in which Mike supervised some time ago. When Mike realized his unhappiness at his new division he sought a remedy for disaster by returning to his old division forcing him under new terms and most importantly, a new boss. The performance value of his once over exceeding staff was now dwindled and unmotivated. The new way in which they worked became stricter and more inflexible. It was stale and there was no aura of high fidelity being promoted. Problems: The problem of this case has to do with mis-delegation of roles and mis-clarification for all parties. Not only that, the fact is the company as a whole has not identified its mission statement for their employees. With that being said the transition from the time Mike left became a tragedy. As stated before, the culture of the environment was slated after Mike left. It became from being a collegial environment to an autocratic environment once new vice president Jack Greely took over. Not only did he change the environment of the company, he basically dismantled the structure and rebuilt it based on his power. Until Mike was promoted the managerial style approach was not identified and supervisors, at this early time wanted a change and that’s why Mike was chosen to become supervisor. However, when Jack took Mike’s former supervisor’s place, the organization became, autocratic. An autocratic person can be defined as an employee that is dependent tot tally on a supervisor. This person has no other desire than to do what is only required out of the task and only the minimum. Usually in an autocratic setting the boss expects pure obedience from their employees and rely straight on authority from higher ups with no regard to any self-drive for themselves and lacks the qualities and abilities to take on initiatives and providing an entrepreneurial attitude about themselves. This can be explained by using the Abraham Maslow’s Theory found in an essay article written by Janet Simmons, Donald Irvin, and Beverly Drinnien which it states he says accordingly â€Å"that the only reason that people would not move well in direction of self-actualization is because of hindrances placed in their way by society† (Janet A. Simons, 1987). Also saying â€Å"We must see that the persons basic needs are satisfied. This includes safety, belongingness, and esteem needs† (Janet A. Simons, 1987) A person in the Consolidated Life organization that can be also skewed towards the autocratic style is Mr. Rick Belkner. Mike’s former boss. This, for lack of a better term, lazy supervisor (whom he was Mikes supervisor initially) illustrated as a person who rather do crossword puzzles during his work shift then to lead by example, what a competent Vice President of their division; shy 40,000 of a six-figure salary. The point was clearly made by Mr. Greely when he assumed that Mikes management style would still be undermined no matter how good of his performance. He even went to the extent of assuring that Mr. Wilson will fail no matter how high you move up in the establishment. It is almost agreeable to say that Mr. Speelys choose of words were not only rude but shows a poor and ineffective leader. Mr. Greely does not seem to be results-driven but ego-driven as his defense for Mikes work style was inarguable and measured his own assumption to Mikes performance rather than just judging an employee on what he does best, his/her performance. Reading how Mike handled it; amazingly enough. In the chart featured on page-You can see simple comparing of the two different types of behavioral patterns by identifying the qualities, organizational and environmental forces that are represented by the 2 behavior patterns. You will see the differences between a workers operating in an autocratic setting versus a person who operates under the collegial or supportive setting(s). By identifying the contrast you are able to see what kind of modifications or structures that would have to be put in place based on a employees attitude. The attitude in which comes from probably stems from personal goal, motivations, or self desires a person may have in their work space. Some individuals dont possess the willingness to achieve and be a leader. Some individual are quite happy with just being an average worker and moving up in the corporate latter is something that does not motivate them. Autocratic Environment Vs. Collegial /System Environment Base Questions for Case 1. Describe ALL the factors that contributed to Mike’s lack of promotion at the end. Was his lack of promotion fair? When Mike left the division, he left the process in which he created, to be altered by the new president upon his departure. The flexible leadership that led to the team success came to a halt when divisional vice president, Jack Greely; who’s reputation was described as tough but fair. Mike accepted the position at the old division again without really investigating the provisions in which he was now to work under. He loss total control when he noticed that co-workers were actually more inclined to follow Mr. Greelys direction because the employees knew the order of hierarchy and knew the consequences of action should one follow anyones demands except for Mr. Greelys. 2. Using your knowledge of culture, explain in detail Consolidated Life’s culture when Mike was first hired and then when he returned. There was a transition in the organization which proved to have opportunities due to the position void. Such example shows that Mike (when he was first hired by Consolidated Life) he was promoted to his position because of the opportunities of change. Mike’s style was not really favored by his â€Å"higher-ups† but because he manages to increase workflow and reduce errors, which created more performance his flexible style was overlook which sends a sign of â€Å"inconsistency†. If you are going to allow a manager to take over the project then let them take over. As long as they don’t compromise the integrity of the company or do anything illegal. 3. What actions could Consolidated Life have taken to prevent Mike’s problems? There should have been more flexibility granted for Mike to effectively coordinate his team. Mr. Wilsons track record clearly shows that as a supervisor he is competent to make educated decisions and lead a staff with ease. An employee is always happy when they are not pressured nor stressed. Most important of all, when a leader shows reciprocity, more than likely there would be a win-win. For Example, Mikes strategy to reward his co-workers in exchange for hard work showed the worker was not working out of vain and in fact he/she was being acknowledged and rewarded for the hard efforts being put forth. 4. Who do you think was at fault for Mike’s problems, Mike or his supervisors (e. g. , Jack) or others? Completely justify your opinion. The fault of Mike problems was his free spirited style which usually offends conservatives. Jack implemented a â€Å"corporate† style setting upon Mike’s return.

Ethical Dilemma Essay Example for Free

Ethical Dilemma Essay The situation at hand involves an ethical decision between two possible courses of action relating to the promotion of tobacco as a product in the market. R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. is a corporation that earns huge amounts of money in selling tobacco and is concerned about keeping its profits despite the negative image now associated with tobacco. Therefore, R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. hired Acme Global Advertising to again promote the product in the market. Being recommended by the company’s Director for Global Accounts as the new head of the R.   J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. account, I am constrained to decide whether to accept the position or not. There is no doubt that this is a once in a lifetime career opportunity, as the last manager to handle the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. account had already retired after receiving a huge sum of money after his successful campaign. Indeed, a successful promotional campaign would result in huge profit for both R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. and Acme Global Advertising, which would translate into big earnings for me. On the other hand, a simple refusal on my part would mean another eager person would immediately be taking my place and my big opportunity. The problem is not as simple as it looks, however. This is because the World Health Organization already declared tobacco as the second major cause of death in the world. Therefore, any effort on my side in promoting the consumption of tobacco would mean that I am personally exerting effort in favor of a product that causes death to millions of people arounf the world. It is clear, therefore, that the present situation presents an ethical dilemma that needs serious consideration. I have to make a decision between personal success and the health of innumerable people. In order to solve this dilemma, I turn to the philosophical writings of Aristotle in his work entitled Nicomachean Ethics, as well as utilitarian ethical philosophy as explained by well-known ethical philosophers John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham. Based on these ethical principles, I shall explain why it would be ethical for me to accept the challenge and exert my best effort in promoting the sales of tobacco products of R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. this paper shall discuss the relevant principles characteristic of each theory, and then apply such principles to the facts of this particular scenario. In Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, he expounded on the notion called virtue, which to him is that which determines the character or nature of anything, be it a person or a specific thing (Ross). Virtue is that thing which makes a knife a good knife, and it is also that which makes a man a good person (Ross). Aristotle makes a distinction between two kinds of virtue, namely natural virtue and moral virtue (Kilcullen). For him, the former relates to characteristics that humans possess from birth, such as a particular temperament (Kilcullen). On the other hand, the latter kind of virtue refers to the act of submitting one’s acts to reason (Kilcullen). It is in the latter kind of virtue that habit, an essential part of Aristotle’s ethical philosophy, enters the scene (Kilcullen). Aristotle posits that moral virtue is developed through habituation, whereby the exercise of reason results in a specific course of action (Kilcullen). Applying Aristotle’s ethical philosophy based on virtue and habit, I conclude that accepting the challenge would determine my character as a person in general, and as a leader in an advertising firm in particular. Accepting a project such as the one in the case would help me develop habits that would hone my leadership and creative skills, which would increase my competence as a leader. The other ethical philosophy that supports my decision is utilitarianism, which is a notion that belongs to the normative ethics tradition. Since the late 18th- and 19th-century, utilitarianism had been in existence to attempt to answer the question, â€Å"What ought a man to do? (West). † Utilitarian philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill were the foremost believers in the school of thought, and their main thesis was that an action would only be considered morally right if it tends to promote happiness for the greatest number of people. This has been popularly known as the â€Å"Greatest Happiness Principle. † John Stuart Mill explained said ethical principle in 1863, when his published work entitled Utilitarianism came out. He explained, thus: The creed which accepts as the foundation of morals, Utility, or the Greatest Happiness Principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. By happiness is intended pleasure, and the absence of pain; by unhappiness, pain, and the privation of pleasure (Mill). It appears therefore, that utilitarianism attaches moral value, not on the motive behind man’s actions, but on the effect that such action makes on people. Bentham and Mill assumed that pleasure and pain are the basic motivations of man, such that he avoids pain and seeks pleasure (West). Applying this principle to my ethical dilemma, I deduce that accepting the project would promote the happiness of many people, namely, myself and the executives of the two corporations that would derive monetary benefits from the success of the project. The people who could be consuming tobacco would likewise find happiness in the availability of a product that they enjoy having, albeit this happiness comes with the danger of disease or even death. Nevertheless, I leave such choice to the holders of the lives concerned, namely, the consumers. It is, after all, ultimately their choice whether to remain healthy or otherwise. In sum, two ethical principles, namely Aristotelian and utilitarian ethics, support the decision to accept the position as head of the project and promote tobacco products.

Impact of Retention Rate on KFC

Impact of Retention Rate on KFC KFC is one of the busiest fast food industries in UK and it is based in USA. KFC has big market share in UK. KFC provides training and good career path to its employees. KFC faces problems to meet business objectives, increasing customer satisfaction. To overcome difficulties and increasing organizational performances KFC wants to finds out the impact of retention rate on organizational performance. This is one month survey conducting with KFC employees and various secondary resources. Various articles, journals, newspaper and magazines have been collected to find out the information on motivation and organizational performance. 30 employees have been communicated via email to collect primary data. The primary and secondary data show that motivation has major impact on organizational performance. If organization can motivated its employees then performance of employees with a high volume. Employees attitude towards motivation is very positive. Employees want motivation rather than an y other things. From the research it is clear that if KFC can improves its motivational strategy it can increase its organization performance. Impact of Retention Rate on Organizational Performance 2. INTRODUCTION Employee retention is a process through which the organization can keep its employees with a certain period of time. Retention is good for both employee and organization. The objectives of the research are about employees retention and organizational performance. Beginning of the research paper describes briefly about the research topic. It has three different parts. The paper is started by pointing out the research topic and its impact. After that the main parts are discussed. Among the three main parts the initial one is Research Proposal. The research proposal starts with the hypothesis. After selecting hypothesis the research proposal describe briefly about the organization. After that the research proposal describes about the context and rational, reason for research, aim, objectives, literature review, methodology, resources and action plan. The next part of the research is Actual Research. It has research design, data collection, and data analysis. The ending part of the research is Presentation and Evaluation. It is about the analysis of findings, methodology evaluation, conclusion and recommendation. The references, bibliography and appendix are also included with the research. 3. RESEARCH PROPOSAL 3.1 Hypothesis If retention rate is related to organizational performance, than by increasing employees retention rate will increases organizational performance. 3.2 Background Theory Employee retention is the main concern of almost all of the organizations. Basically, small businesses suffer more because of employees high expectation. There are many firms; offer little benefits last 10 years or so. Now-a-days employees need and wants growing every day. Employees want more than their salary. As a result employee turnover is increasing. On the other side the importance of retention become very important for every organization. (Kim McLean, 2008). Employee retention always increases organizational performances. Retention also encourages current employees to remain with the organization. Long term service of employees means they are efficient and effective to their job duties. Again they know very well how to job done. On the other side retention can save several costs to the organization. Such as, hiring cost, training cost, productivity lost, replacement cost and efficiency cost. (Workforce Planning for Wisconsin State Government, 2005). Employee retention has seve ral benefit but employees turnovers has several disadvantages. Some of the article shows that, turnover is a silent but significant profit killer. (Kottolli, 2010). 3.3 Brief Summary to the Organisation KFC is one of the busiest fast food industries in UK and it is based in USA. KFC has big market share in UK. KFC provides training and good career path to its employees. The company was founded as Kentucky Fried Chicken byÂÂ  ColonelÂÂ  Harland SandersÂÂ  in 1952. At present KFC have more than 24,000 employees. KFC operates all over the world and its main business trend is Halal food. 3.4 Context and Rational 3.4.1 Problems Faced by KFC Today KFC faces some problem with its employees turnover. Employees do not paying attention to their job duties. They turn up late and try to go home early. They are not very active as they used to in 2008. Customers often complain to the manager that, employees are serving very late. They are more concentrated in gossiping with each others. Some of the KFC stores take 5 to 10 minute to serve customer even though there is only one customer. Some employees are giving resignation without having informed. Due to frequent change of employees, customer dissatisfaction is growing day by day. Lack of concentration of employees and their carelessness shows that employees are not loyal to KFC. Sometimes managers also support employees and careless about KFC code of conducts. 3.4.2 Reasons for the Research KFC undertakes the research to find the ways retain its employees. Employees turnover is growing day by day. KFC wants to keeps its employees in order to provide high level of customer service. KFC also wants to reduce the cost of hiring, training and efficient cost. If employees turnover rate decreases KFC can increase its market share. Also it is possible for KFC to increase its customer satisfaction and bring back previous business reputation. 3.5 Aim The aim of the research is to discover the impact of employees retention rate on organizational performance. 3.6 Objectives A list of the objectives of the research has given below: To reduce employee turnover To increase customer satisfaction To increase employee satisfaction 3.7 Literature Review According to Robert L. Mathis, John H. Jackson in their book, Retention of human resources must be viewed as a strategic business issue. Retention of employees has several benefits and advantages. Employees are getting high level skills when they working same environment for long period of time. But, the result of employees turnover is vital for the company. If an efficient employee gives resign company need to appoint new people. The new employee is not efficient and cannot provide satisfactory level customer service. That cost higher for the company. To support employee retention an article can help further. The world leading company shows high level of employee retention programme. As a result employees are providing high level service and working hard for the organization. Anne bruce (2006), described in his article, ÂÂ  how to motivate every employee. He also described, how Google manage its employees retain with its. He described that, like at Google, one of the webs most successful and growing search engines. Here employees play roller hockey during work hours, bring their dogs to work, and eat lunch and the company cafe. The result? Employees work long, hard hours and love their jobs. Again, survey and research on employee retention is an issue since the early age of industry revolution. A survey takes place in 1980. The focus of the survey was on the employee retention. The survey demonstrated that, people want more from work than money. An early study of thousands of workers and managers by the American Psychological Association clearly demonstrated this. While managers predicted the most important motivational aspect of work for people would be money, personal time and attention from the supervisor was cited by workers as most rewarding for them at work. In a recent Workforce article, The Ten Ironies of Motivation, reward and recognition guru, Bob Nelson, says, More than anything else, employees want to be valued for a job well done by those they hold in high esteem. He adds that people want to be treated as if they are adult human beings. Another article shows described that, We knew from past experience that Love2reward offered a great product and service (for our employee retention scheme). Its all about giving our team what they want, and feedback tells us that weve got it rightÂÂ  Pizza Express UK. 3.8 Methodology 3.8.1 Chosen Methodology It is easy and very reliable to use qualitative and quantitative methods together. There is a method that gives chance to use qualitative and quantitative methods together and it is, Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms. For this research the Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms is selected as methodology. Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms uses both quantitative and qualitative methods for this research. 3.8.2 Evaluation of Methodology The methodology is very effective for the research as it uses both qualitative and quantitative methods at the same time. If the results of two methods are same, then the result of the research will consistent. Again the methodology of the research collects data from secondary sources and primary sources as well. It has no chance to gives a false result. Therefore the methodology is very effective for the research. 3.8.3 Limitations of Methodology The methodology uses two methods at the same times. This is the main limitation of the research. Because, the variation of results of two methods make the whole research value less. Again, in case of different result from the two methods, the research needs to do again. It is very costly and time consuming. The methodology has other some other limitations two. It uses two methods. But it is very difficult to select two methods for one research. 3.9 Resources A short list of the resources has provided below: Computer with the Internet connection Internet for articles and journals Books and articles Library access for recent magazines and newspapers 3.10 Action Plan A Gantt chart has prepared for the action plan. The Gantt chart is included in the appendix section. 4. ACTUAL RESEARCH 4.1 Research Design 4.1.1 Step-by-step Design Stage 1: Define Research Topic and Describe Research ProposalThe step-by-step research design has shown below: Stage 2: Extensive Research on Literature Stage 3: Find out suitable methodology and creating research plan Stage 4: Secondary and Primary Data Collection Stage 5: Qualitative and Quantitative Data Analysis Stage 6: Evaluation and Presentation of findings Fig: Flow Chart for research design 4.1.2 Step-by-step Explanation Stage 1: Research Proposal Topic is the main subject of any research. Identify a suitable research topic is very difficult task. The topic needs to support by various secondary sources of data. After selecting topic a research proposal is essential. This two are the most important task for any research. It is assume that 6 days are enough for the first stage of the research. Stage 2: Extensive Research on Literature It is the most important part as all the supported evidences are collected from Literature review. Among several literatures the most related 5 or seven literatures need to select and then make a research on the literature. It is assume that 3 days are enough for this stage. Stage 3: Find Suitable Research Methodology and Creating Research Plan As the whole research is depend on the research design it is need to carefully create. All tasks follow the research methodology and the research plan. It is assume that 4 days are enough for this stage. Stage 4: Secondary and Primary Data Collection Data collection is the most important part of the research. For this research primary and secondary data need to collect. It is assume that 7 days are enough for this stage. Stage 5: Qualitative and Quantitative Data Analysis The result of the research depends on data analysis. Both qualitative and quantitative data need to analysis for the result of the research. It is assume that 4 days are enough for this stage. Stage 6: Presentation and evaluation of findings Analysed data is very easy to evaluate and presented. It is assume that 5 days are enough for the presentation and evaluation of data. 4.2 Data Collection 4.2.1 Secondary Data Collection Secondary data is collected throughout the Internet research, using company record, articles, journals, books and web pages. In this section the topic related data is selected and summaries all of them. The data sources are given below: Turnover is a silent but significant profit killer. By Arun Kottolli (2010), Employee Turnover Kills Profits. Keeping good employees is a challenge that all organizations share and it becomes even more difficult as labour markets tighten, by Robert L. Mathis and John H. Jackson. (2008:76), Human Resources Management Retention of human resources must be viewed as a strategic business issue by Anne Bruce, How to motivate every employee Nelson (2003) writes in The Ten Ironies of Motivation that, I have known for yearsthat money isnt everything when it comes to employment Employee retention is most critical issue facing corporate leaders as a result of the shortage of skilled labour, economic growth and employee turnover By www.retentionconnection.com For service-orientedÂÂ  careersÂÂ  such as account management andÂÂ  customer service, high turnover can lead to customer dissatisfaction. By Shelley Moore (2010) The above resources give qualitative data about the retention and organizational performance. From the data it is found that retention can change trend of employee turnover form any company. Retention makes employees motivate. It also brings job satisfaction. It gives clear definition of job responsibilities. The motivated and satisfied employees provide high level customer service. The high level customer service increase organizational performance. On the other hand employee turnover show negative impact to company. The results are hiring cost, training cost, efficiency cost and much other cost. The collection of secondary initially shows that there is a relationship between employee turnover and organizational performance. If employees retention increases then organizational performance also increases. If employee performance decreases then organizational performance also decreases. 4.2.2 Primary Data Collection The questioner method has been used to collect primary data. The primary data is collected by sending e-mail to 30 employees who are working KFC. A total of 10 questions have been set for every employee. From their response and activeness it is found that employees are more concern about retention that any other thing. The primary data initially shows that retention play a major role in organizational performance. Organizational performance will increase if retention increases for the organization. 4.3 Data Analysis 4.3.1 Qualitative Data Analysis Quantitative data collection is very critical task. Here some basic criteria are essential to follow. The analysis of data need to be valid, reliable, fair and must be follows some ethical issues. Valid: All the secondary data are valid. They have strong relationship with the subjects matter. They show the relation between employee retention and organizational performance. Again, all data shows the effect of employee performance. Some of the articles show the survey and research has been taking in order to decrease turnover. It is clear from the initial research that all secondary data are valid. Reliable: Qualitative data has been taken from various reliable sources. Books, articles, journals, and web pages are used to collect qualitative data. Qualitative data also collected from a sample of 30 employees. They provide qualitative data by their questions answer. Fair: Data are directly taken from sources. No modification has occurred while taking data from its sources. No data has been taken in order to support the hypothesis. Ethical issues: Qualitative data collection follows a set of agreed policies, such as literature review, secondary data collection, primary data collection. Data is not modified of misinterpret by any one. While collecting and using data permission from the authority has been taken carefully. In case of web based data, the sources are indicated very carefully. No influence has take place in order make the result of the research similar with qualitative and quantitative data. 4.3.2 Quantitative Data Analysis Quantitative data analysis follows a set of ethical issue. It also uses the valid, reliable and fair policies. Valid: All data are taken from current employer of KFC. Questioner has been set in a way that employees give answer along with their own feeling about retention and organizational performance. All the data related to the topic of the research. Reliable: Data are taken from KFC employees. They are not influence to give the answer. No suggestion has been provided them regarding the questioner. Employees are actively replay their answer and express their free thinking. So, data is reliable. Fair: No answer has been modified in order to get positive result. Participants are always free to replay the questioner. Answer from the questioner has been taken accurately. Ethical: Data was confidential. Only the researcher saw the data. Participants are not influenced participate the research. Participant privacy policy got priority. Data is not affected by anyone. Participate did not get reminder to replay the questioner. 5. PRESENTATION AND EVALUATION Analysis of Findings What is your job position? Reasons: Job position gives the overview about employees experience with the company. It also shows the time spent by employees within the organization. Majority Answer The majority answer was Team Members Conclusion Team members are can give the most recent experience about retention. They are worried about their job duties, getting promotion and other benefits. The sample group is the right one. Please indicate your work experience with KFC? Reasons: Job experiences show that the employees working life experience. Higher the job experiences higher the knowledge about retention. Majority Answer: The majority answer was 3 to 5 years experience Conclusion: The sample of 30 people, with 3 to 5 years experiences show that all employees are aware about employee retention policies. 5.1.3 What is the level of your job satisfaction? Reasons: Job satisfaction levels provide information about employees loyalty to the organization. Satisfied employees are happy with their retention and other policies. Majority Answer: The majority answer was satisfied. Conclusion: Satisfied employees are loyal to the company. They are happy with their retention and motivation policies. They can provide high level of performance in order increase organizational performance. How satisfied you with KFC? Reasons: This is similar to the prevision one. But, it takes the answer critically and specifically about the KFC. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Average. Conclusion: It is very difficult to distinguish the previous answer and present answer. Employees are satisfied with their job but not to KFC. Possibly, job satisfaction of KFC is good but some other policies are not good. How satisfied you with your Payment and other Benefits? Reasons: Payment and benefits is the indicators of employee satisfaction. If employees are satisfied with their payment and other benefits it will reduce employee turnover and increase organizational performances. Majority answer: The majority answer was average. Conclusion: KFC provides many benefits to its employees but the does not enough for employees satisfaction. The average level of job satisfaction shows that employee retention rate will decrease in KFC and its performance will decrease day by day. Do you satisfied with you promotion policy? Reasons: Promotion policies are major indicators of employee retention. If company have suitable promotion policy, employees are very active to meet the criteria to get promotion, as a result organizational performance increase. Majority Answer: The majority answer was average. Conclusion: The answer shows that KFC promotion policy is not good enough to meet its employee satisfaction. If employees are not satisfied with their promotion policy they cannot provide high level of customer service. That will affect organizational performance. If you get better chance to other company what will you do? Reason: This shows the loyalty to the organization. If employees are not loyal to the organization they not provide high level performance. As a result, organizational performance will decrease. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Quite the Company Conclusion: Employees want to quite the organization. KFC need to appoint new employees and level of its performance will decrease. What is your view about employee retention? Reason: It will help to find out employees personal view about retention policy. Majority Answer: The majority answer was very helpful Conclusion: If KFC take better retention policy employees will satisfied. They can help to increase company performance. If you will be promoted as a manager of a new opening store, what is your plan for long term and constant success for your organization? Reason: This question gives chance to employees to take decision about the improvement of company performance. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Retention Policy Conclusion: Most of the employees want to improve retention policy KFC has many employee employees development programmes for its business success. Which is most preferable to you? Reason: Find out the most preferable methods to keep employees and increase organizational performances. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Retention Policy Conclusion: Among all the development programs employees are like retention policy for the improvement of KFC performance. The result of this question indicates that KFC need to improve its retention policy in order to increase its performance. 5.2 Methodology Evaluation The selected methodology for the research is Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms. The methodology is best suited for the research as it is used two methods at the same times. The methodology is effective to find out the impact of retention on organizational performance. The data is collected by following a set of ethical rules. All the data are valid, reliable and fair. 5.3 Conclusions The research proves that retention has major impacts on organizational performance. Thus, the hypothesis is supported by the research. Finally it is found that if KFC develops better retention policies it can keep its employees. As a result KFC can increase it organizational performances. 5.4 Recommendations Although the sample of the research was only KFC employees, it can be used by any organization. Both qualitative and quantitative data shows that retention can increase organizational performance. The methodology has some limitation to. The data is collected from a sample of 30 people. Again, only KFC employees provide data. There is no way to make sure that the target employees have replayed back the questioner. Employee may not give the right answer. Though the limitation, this research can help further research in retention and organizational performance. All the resources have valid source identification. The final result of the research is retention rate can help the organization improves its performances. This research is made independently. As the hypothesis of this research is proved and this research is made only on fast food company(KFC) so other fast food companies like MacDonalds and Burger king, Subway can make use of the results of this report for the related featured problems and to improve their performances. Furthermore it is advised to KFC that it should focus on employees retention rate by using different tools for retention such as salary increase, bonuses, promotions and pension schemes. As this is identified that organizational performance is mostly depending on retention rate so company should take this matter seriously to enhance their organizational performance worldwide and to sustain their business profitability. Because of the limitation of methodology (qualitative and quantitative) in future they need to use one methodology so that they cannot find any conflicts by using two different methods and will research on more employees of KFC from different areas so that they can get more people point of view. REFERENCES Bruce, Anne. (2009:3-47), How to Motivate Every Employees, [online] Madison, USA: The McGraw-Hill. Available form: books.google.co.uk Last accessed 25th Oct 2010 Cooper, Evan. (2007).ÂÂ  Job Stickiness Employee Retention Rate.ÂÂ  [online].Available: http://www.morebusiness.com/running_your_business/management/d952374028.brc Last accessed 1oth Nov 2010ÂÂ   Gordon Barker, (2009) Challenging times require a different talent focus, Strategic HR Review, Vol. 8 Iss: 4, pp.24 28. [online], Available from: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Last accessed 12th Nov 2010. Jammes Harris Group. (2010). How to Decrease Turnover and Increase Employee Retention.ÂÂ  CBS Interactive. 1 (1), p1-3. Kottolli, Arun . (2010).ÂÂ  Employee Turnover Kills Profit.ÂÂ  [online].Available: http://akottolli.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!7320740A5EA5572!177.entry. Last accessed 12th Oct 2010. Love2reward. (2009).ÂÂ  Employee Retention / Staff Retention.[online]. Available: http://www.love2reward.co.uk/rewards/solution-finder/employee-retention?sen=Googlelink=7id=311051gclid=CP_EzYzMraUCFVBO4QodhWq8Yg. Last accessed 12th Oct 2010. Nelson, B. (2010).ÂÂ  The Ten Ironies of Motivation.[online]ÂÂ  Available: http://www.cognitivehorizons.com/assignments/ED7672/weekFour.htm. Last accessed 20th Oct 2010. Robert L, Mathis. And John H, Jackson. (2008).ÂÂ  Human Resource Management [online].ÂÂ  Available: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_yCe7fiQbokCpg=PA74lpg=PA74dq=%E2%80%9CRetention+of+human+resources+must+be+viewed+as+a+strategic+business+issue%E2%80%9D+by+Robert+L.+Mathis,+John+H.+Jacksonsou. Last accessed 30th Oct 2010 retentionconnection.com. (2010).ÂÂ  Employee Retention: Vital Strategy.[online].Available: http://www.retentionconnection.com/. Last accessed 25thÂÂ  2010 Ross Blake. (2006).ÂÂ  Employee Retention: What Employee Turnover Really Costs Your Company.[online].ÂÂ  Available: http://www.webpronews.com/expertarticles/2006/07/24/employee-retention-what-employee-turnover-really-costs-your-company. Last accessed 30th Oct 2010. Shelley Moore. (2010).ÂÂ  The Effect of Employee Turnover.[online]ÂÂ  Available: http://www.ehow.com/facts_4866742_effects-employee-turnover.html. Last accessed 28th Oct 2010. Susan M. Heathfield. (2010).ÂÂ  Keep Your Best: Retention Tips.ÂÂ  [online].Available: http://humanresources.about.com/cs/retention/a/turnover.htm. Last accessed 29th Oct 2010. wfnetwork.bc.edu. (2007).ÂÂ  Definition of Retention.ÂÂ  [online].Available: http://wfnetwork.bc.edu/glossary_entry.php?term=Retention,%20Definition(s)%20ofarea=All. Last accessed 14th Oct 2010 Buchanan, D. Huczynski A, 2010.ÂÂ  Organizational Behaviour.ÂÂ  7th ed. England: Pearson. Lewis, R. 2007. Business, .England: Nelson Thornes Price,A .Human Resource Management in a business context.3rd ed. England: south-western Cengage learning Bloisi,w. Human resource management. England: McGrawHill education BIBLIOGRAPHY

Antigones Fate Essay -- Character Analysis Sophocles

Sophocles play titled Antigone, embellishes the opposing conflicts between Antigone who stands for the values of family, and Creon who stands for the values of state. Sophocles explores the depths of Antigone’s morality and the duty based on consequence throughout the play, as well as the practical consequences of Creon who is passionate and close-minded. Although Antigone’s moral decisions appear to be more logical and favorable than Creon’s, a personal argument would be that both characters’ decisions in society can be equally justified. In the play, Sophocles examines the nature of Antigone and Creon who have two different views about life, and use those views against one another. Antigone who is depicted as the hero represents the value of family. According to Richard Braun, translator of Sophocles Antigone, Antigone’s public heroism is domestically motivated: â€Å"never does [Antigone] give a political explanation of her deed; on the contrary, from the start [Antigone] assumes it is her hereditary duty to bury Polynices, and it is from inherited courage that [Antigone] expects to gain the strength required for the task† (8). Essentially, it is Antigone’s strong perception of family values that drive the instinct to disobey Creon’s orders and to willingly challenge the King’s authority to dictate her role in society. In addition, Antigone is a strong believer in the divine laws of the gods and that by following those laws the gods will give Antigone an honorable place in the afterlife. In a quote by Antigone to Ismene, â€Å"I will bury him myself. And even if I die in the act, that death will be a glory†¦I have longer to please the dead than please the living here† (Sophocles, 1468). It is this unyielding belief that pushe... ...es of family becomes disobedient against state laws posed by Creon, the king of Thebes, acknowledging that the deeds are moral and are seen by the gods as honorable. In the case for Creon, the character believed in the laws made by mortals, not the divine gods. Although Creon was the champion of upholding the state law, the tragic ending that occurred left Creon without anything else but the power of the throne. Works Cited Braun Emil Richard. Introduction. â€Å"Sophocles Antigone.† 7th ed. New York: Oxford UP, 1974. 8. Print. Peters, Julia. "A Theory Of Tragic Experience According To Hegel." European Journal Of Philosophy 19.1 (2011): 85-106. Academic Search Premier. Web. 9 May 2012. Sophocles. â€Å"Antigone.† The Bedford Introduction to Literature Reading, Thinking, Writing. 9th ed. Boston, MA: Bedford / St. Martins, 2011. 1279-280. Print.

The Populist and Progressive Movements Essay -- Progressive Movement P

The Populist and Progressive Movements The Populists and Progressive were form of movement that occurred during the outbreaks of the workers union after the civil war. The populists began during the late 1800s.The progressive began during the 1900s. There are many differences between these two movements, but yet these movements have many things that are similar. Farmers united to protect their interests, even creating a major political party. The party was called the peoples party which became known as the populist party. Populists drew its strength from rural areas. Populists tended to be poor and uneducated. They had ideas such as government ownership of major industries. The Populists supported labors demand for an eight hour work day. The most controversial Populist demand concerned the money supply. Farmers being both sellers and debtors, saw inflation as a way to improve their standard of living, but they wanted to expand the money supply. Farmers convinced the government to use silver as well as gold to back the money supply. The congress passed the Bland-Allison Act and the Sherman Silver Purchase. Populist platform urged congress to authorize free and unlimited minting of silver. The Populists were united in favoring the minting of silver to expand the money supply. Democrats agreed with the Populist, but most Republicans favor ed the gold standard and a smaller money supply. Democrats agreed on a presidential candidate that was with the mint silver, wh...

Essay --

"I feel at home wherever I go" . This is what a person who's not place-bound would say . This is what a person whose love is not confined to family and friends, but is spread everywhere and to everyone would say. This is what a global citizen would say. It is surprising how someone can be away from home but still feel like at home. A global citizen has cultivated his/her abilities to achieve this in a couple of ways. Let me tell you how . A global citizen has realized that we are all interconnected no matter where we come from or what religion we follow. No matter what our race or nationality is we are all part of a larger process which is human life. A global citizen has become aware that everyone on this planet is a brother or sister. The global citizen has read a lot about different countries , has learned different languages,has been interested in what's going on across the oceans , has found a connection between his daily life and the lives of others who live far away. I take my hat off to a such person . One of the global citizen's characteristics that I admire most ,i... Essay -- "I feel at home wherever I go" . This is what a person who's not place-bound would say . This is what a person whose love is not confined to family and friends, but is spread everywhere and to everyone would say. This is what a global citizen would say. It is surprising how someone can be away from home but still feel like at home. A global citizen has cultivated his/her abilities to achieve this in a couple of ways. Let me tell you how . A global citizen has realized that we are all interconnected no matter where we come from or what religion we follow. No matter what our race or nationality is we are all part of a larger process which is human life. A global citizen has become aware that everyone on this planet is a brother or sister. The global citizen has read a lot about different countries , has learned different languages,has been interested in what's going on across the oceans , has found a connection between his daily life and the lives of others who live far away. I take my hat off to a such person . One of the global citizen's characteristics that I admire most ,i...

Classroom Management Essay

During my classroom observation, I observed the classroom of Mrs. Shanesta Pettway. Mrs. Pettway is a 9th grade history teacher at Jeff Davis High School. She runs a very structured class with a well plan classroom management plan. Mrs. Pettway follows a strict schedule during the 50 minutes of class time that students follow such as 15 minute bell ringer at the beginning of class, 15 minutes of lecture and class participation, and 15 minutes of section review assessment questions. She utilizes the final five minutes for students to put away books and prepare for their next class. Her classroom management plan does not allow students much time to talk or interact with each other. Her transition from the bell ringer to the class lecture was very smooth and the students seem to be in routine with moving from one assignment to the next. I believe her daily schedule is a great method of classroom management because it helps her to keep the students on track. Interaction with Students Mrs. Pettway fully interacts with her students throughout the class period. She walks also the classroom and monitors the progress of each student and makes sure they are staying on task with their assignment. She gets students involved in the discussion questions by randomly calling on them to answer questions. When her students have questions or do not understand information about their assignment, she provides them feedback to get them back on the right track. Classroom Setup The classroom is set up with 27 students. The students’ desks are all facing the front of the classroom. Her class consisted of a whiteboard, smart board, and projector. Mrs. Pettway desk is also stationed at the front of the classroom where she is able to see each student. The students are seated  in the classroom in alphabetical order facing the white board where the objectives and assignments and daily schedule were placed visible to the students. She also has two tables in the classroom that are seated away from the rest of the class for students with behavior issues. Classroom rules are placed on the wall near the entrance of the classroom visible for all students to see as they enter the classroom. Examples and Incidents of Mutual Respect Mrs. Pettway seems to be the person controlling the class at all times. She has built a personal rapport with students and they have a lot of respect for her. Mrs. Pettway greets the students by theirs name as they enter the class. When students want to get her attention they raise their hand, she acknowledges them and provides them with an appropriate answer. For example, when Mrs. Pettway was during her lecture, all students were attentive and listening. Her class exhibited no behaviors or distractions during class time. She also gives her students mutual respect by acknowledging and praising them for engaging in class discussion and completing the classroom before the end of class. Preventive Procedures and Activities At the beginning of class, Mrs. Pettway had already had her books turned to the chapter that she would be lecturing from. She also had the students’ assignments for the day listed on the board so they would know what the tasks were for the day. Her lesson was prepared before class and she was confident in the information she was teaching. The class activities were in line with the lecture and class discussion that was previously discussed and they were engaging and seemed to be interesting for the students. Discipline model used in the classroom and school The discipline model that was used in the classroom was to separate the students that had disruptive behavior from the rest of the class. She stated that she uses this model because it helps to cut down on the distractions and helps the rest of the class stay on track. Another discipline that she uses is parent teacher conferences for students with disruptive behavior. The schools discipline policy of disruptive behavior usually result in ISS in school suspension, detention, or suspension away from school. How does the teacher deal with a parent or guardian of a disruptive child? Mrs. Pettway stated that she holds parent or guardian conferences for her students often. If a student is being disruptive in the classroom, she makes contact with the parents or guardian for a conference to discuss the behavior. Mrs. Pettway stated that she deals with a parent or guardian of a disruptive child in a calm and professional manor. She discusses the student’s behaviors with the parents and possible solutions. She also stated that she works closely with the parents to set achieve goals for their child, monitor their behavior and holds follow up conferences with the parents to determine if the student’s behavior is improving. In conclusion, I learned how to effectively run a classroom management plan. The classroom observation was very informative and a great learning experience. I discovered different ways to deal with classroom behavior without affecting the learning of the other students in the classroom. I really enjoyed this classroom observation experience.

Dissertation Research Proposal

Dissertation look into proposal Table of contents grounding 1- Problem rendering/statement 2- inquiry goals 3-enquiry objectives 4- look for surmise 5-Dissertation organization Chapter wholeness Literature retread Chapter 2 inquiry mannerology -Introduction 1. Recipients of the look 2. apology of the look 3. seek methodological digest 3. 1. Re look job argona 3. 2. investigate doubt 3. 3. search objectives 3. 4. Research guessing 3. 5. Research public figure 3. 5. 1. Research philosophical system 3. 5. 2. Research move up 5. 3. 3. Research dodge 3. 5. 3. 1. sen durationnt Strategy 3. 5. 4.Research method pick 3. 5. 5. Time horizon 3. 6. Population and exemplar 4. entropy gathering, editing, and findings 4. 1. Date disposition 4. 2. randomness editing 4. 3. Data coding 4. 4. boundary -Bibliography Appendices - converse egressline -Time guidance -outline content of lit review - netmail for audience -Email for promontorynaire -Introduction This secti on outlines the mise en scene knowledge of the dissertation. In the first chapter the look forer informs the pickaxe of the topic and the withdraw laids. In the second, the queryer give describe the methodology depute angiotensin-converting enzyme across during the seek routine 1-Recipients of the enquiryThe primary recipients of this thesis be The Dublin Business crop in Dublin Through Mr. Gary Bernie, my dissertation supervisory programy chopine For fulfilment of the MA market 2. plea of the query 2. 1. Interest for the loose jibe to Saunders et al (201229) one of attri just nowes of a respectable enquiry topic is that the tec should be extremely affaired and fascinated astir(predicate) the topic 2. 2Academic thorndrop The looker has gradational 2 years ago with a Licence in Humanitarian acquaintance and a signifi squeeze outt locating of the skill was each(prenominal) the morality and its positivistic authority on people and communities . 3 . Personal background The interrogationer has a strong reside in merchandising moral philosophy as he plans a c atomic number 18er in this environment. So he has the motivation to lead with this root to end. About the resources, the look intoer has entrance to an Irish environment people, communication, companies. The police detective is deceases depart- cadence, so he has a p breakic magazine to carry on his look into The first chapter Literature review It is my humankind opinion that heavy market is honest trade. salutary trade is rough satisfying and underdeveloped a semipermanent relationship with our customers.Caring nigh your customers non only guides in profits, it is the estimable thing to do. Deceiving customers whitethorn help a firms profits in the short-run, save is not the way to work out a successful crease. Marylyn Carrigan,Lecturer, University of Birmingham, Department of Commerce, Birmingham, UK 1- selling morals concepts and theo ries Business moral philosophy description Business morals layabout be defined as a pay off of principles that guides course practices to reflect a tending for society as a whole clipping pursuing profits, Nisberg, 1988 (cited from Maureen Kilcullen, Judith Ohles Kooistra, (1999)The shame side of merchandise Of only the management fields, market is probably that which seems the roughly Contradictable when it comes to respectable aspect. As Smith and Quelch (1993, p. 188) suggest that some of the most fundamental concepts in merchandising, when looked at Afresh, elevator serious honourable appears (cited from Klein Thomas, 2011) check to Marylyn Carrigan, et al (2005) In later years trade thought has focuse upon the subject of trade ethics, and in the 1980s there was a flurry of operation by merchandise scholars who f necessityed to respect conceptu completely(a)y the genius and portion of selling ethics. more thanover, Carrigan (2005) gave m whatsoeve r examples of scholars discussed the issue, such as, Ferrell and Gresham (1985) developed their contingency framework to evaluate ethical decision-making in a trade organisation, Hunt and Chonko (1984) conducted their survey on ethical dilemmas for trade managers, and the ethical lines faced by selling police detectives. selling ethics doctrine Ethical marketing is about whether firms marketing decision is mor alto delineatehery dear or wrong.The morality of the marketing decision tin keep include any part of marketing from advertising to the pricing of ingathering or service, to the sourcing of raw materials. Like many authors, Beauchamp (1980) sh atomic number 18d the major philosophical trends in ethics into both(prenominal) categories the utilitarian onrush and the deontological admittance. In the utilitarian snuggle, the notion of ethics is connect to the consequences of an action. accord to this cuddle, the manager leave attempt to produce the grea leave n doable sum of money of positive value or the smallest workable amount of veto value for the consumers affected.In the opposite side, the deontological flak, based on the work of the philosopher Emmanuel Kant, this approach does not consider so much(prenominal) the consequences of an act, besides pays a lot of use to the manner in which the act is per leaped (cited from Jacques Nantel et al, 1996). rendering is the worry correspond to Peter Drucker (1973) marketing is a discipline which provokes much debate. genuinely often, this controversy is mergeed to a lack of visiting of what the actual definition of marketing is.One definition of marketing, very often utilize is trade is human activity hallow at satisfying pay back aims and pauperizations through and through exchange edge Kotler and Turner, 1981(cited from Jacques Nantel et al 1996) Jacques Nantel et al (1996) suggests that The most striking feature of this definition is its almost entirely utilitarian aspect, If we apply foundations of the utilitarian approach in ethics, one knows that an action is only ethical if it maximizes the positive consequences for the greatest number of people while at the selfsame(prenominal) term minimizing blackball consequences to the smallest number.An interesting case is that of sugar On the one hand, it is true that sugar is a output which responds to a gustatory need, but what about its medical and dental nucleus. Jacques Nantel et al (1996) states that In revisal to extend two the range and the degree of marketing ethics, several(prenominal) authors (Fraedrichet al. , 1991 Laczniak and Murphy, 1985 Martin, 1985) start out suggested that we take into ac imagine not only the utilitarian criterion which is comfort but also the actor used to obtain this satisfaction.Suggesting a solution towards this issue Jacques Nantel states that marketing, by its very definition, is principally grounded on a utilitarian approach to ethics but that ma nagers could also develop a deontological approach to marketing. The land for this ontogenesis that the consumer is no longer merely concerned with the satisfaction obtained from a crop or service, but also with the way in which this production or service is obtained.Consider, for example, the boycotting of certain products (Canadian authorship products by German consumer. concord to Jacques Nantel points out there is much modestness to reckon that the marketing function depart exploit towards a deontological approach for the simple reason that, Today there is a much concerted attack from easily-organised activists in the form of protest groups such as Greenpeace, Friends of the human beings or the UK Consumers Association.The Internet has established up a route for international groups of consumers and fire bodies to co-ordinate their activity world(prenominal)ly, and this washstand be seen in sack up sites such as www. saigon. com/nike, the homepage of the Boycott Nike campaign, or www. mcspotlight. org the homepage of the McDonalds boycott. In receipt, large organisations that had previously believed themselves immune from such activity find themselves now having to defend themselves against their global critics on their own company Web sites. Marylyn Carrigan, Ahmad Attalla, 2001) The seeker does not see a major difference between the suggestions was produced by Fraedrich, Laczniak and Murphy (the statute of ethics) and Jacquess notion, both of them be concerned regarding the means, the means should be as ethical as the aim, but the movement which allow be coming into court and rising, who entrust come across these means, is it the marketing or the consumer or the law, who bequeath judge these means by saying there argon ethical or not. 2-The prejudicial outcome on marketing for ignoring the safety, wellness, and the environmental standards in children blue-blooded toasts Your brand is your lifebloodIf we foul up with consum ers, we do our industry considerable damage. If you put out unsafe products you allow for be found out, somebody will get hurt, and you will get a massively bad reputation. If you openly exploit children and you deceive children, you will be found out. We go over and above to make positive(predicate) that our products be built, manufactured in the right way, because if we dont, we lose forty or litre years of all the hard work that weve built up in rattling establishing these brands, because they atomic number 18 our lifeblood.We dont do anything that would leave us open to suspicion, because it is not worth it we dont need to operate that way. Weve built our reputation on doing things the right way, so we dont do anything by the back door Stephen Hogan (2007) - grocery storeing ethics or pay the price There is consequence that companies do suffer commercially from boycotts, squeeze were estimated to demand lost between 20 per cen term and 50 per cent of their sales duri ng the Brent Spar boycott (Klein, 2000), and the nuzzle boycott is said to bring forth personify the firm $40 million (Nelson-Horchler, 1984).Gelb (1995) argues the federal agency of consumer boycotts is increasing. . It has also been found that 44 per cent of the British public boast boycotted a product for ethical reasons in the last 12 months (Mason, 2000). Marylyn Carrigan, Ahmad Attalla, (2001) Marketers be encouraged to plough in an ethical manner because instruction about a firms ethical behaviors is thought to influence product sales and consumers image of the company (Mascarenhas, 1995). A recent MORI poll commissioned by the Co-operative Bank in the UK suggests that one- trinity of consumers are dearly concerned with ethical issues (Mason, 2000).Within the then(prenominal) year, over half had bought a product or recommended a company on the basis of its ethical reputation. Smith (1995)argues that we are now living in the ethics era, whereby societys expectation s of marketers have changed and we face challenges to elemental marketing assumptions. Consumers are better informed, more(prenominal) educated and awareness is greater of consumer rights and product requirements at least in westerly society. Legislation has also played a part in raising consumer expectations of marketing demeanour used at the cyclorama of such uncharted territory - selling ethics or you loss long-term prospectsTwo Studies of scientific literature showed that ethics in the trade system is very important and in suppose to ensure cheeseparing long-term prospects of the organization, it is necessary to of importtain a elevated take aim of organizational moral. Ethical decisions establish public confidence and allow creating a favourable image of the organization, to primary(prenominal)tain good relationship with market partners they also outgrowth competitiveness and the effectiveness of the marketing program (Vysniauskiene, V. Kundrotas (1999) -Four rea sons to join marketing ethics Stanton, M.J. Etzel, B. J. footer pointed out four main reasons wherefore marketing specia describes moldiness(prenominal) make ethically First reason is that ethical marketing may help to increase a declining trust of society. Marketing prestige in the eyes of many people is down. enigmatic activities that are periodically made public also add to jobatic issues of consumers. contempt its manifestation only in a small marketing share, reputation of all marketing specialists does suffer. So, it is very important to line of reasoning leaders to demonstrate ethical function assuredly.Second reason, why marketing specialists essential behave ethically is that such behaviour may allow bypassing an increasing regulation of the Government. Apathy, foeman or evidence of unethical behaviour in business Directly increases a possibility of the Governmental regulation. Third reason ethical marketing helps to regain public confidence Fourth reason, ethica l behaviour allows organizations to preserve their image. The second chapter The look methodological analysis -Introduction 1-Recipients of the research The primary recipients of this thesis are The Dublin Business School in Dublin Through Mr.Gary Bernie, my dissertation supervisor For fulfilment of the MA Marketing 2. Justification of the research 2. 1. Interest for the subject agree to Saunders et al (201229) one of attributes of a good research topic is that the researcher should be extremely interested and fascinated about the topic 2. 2Academic background The researcher has receive 2 years ago with a Licence in Humanitarian acquaintance and a signifi displacet side of the acquaintance was about the ethics and its positive role on people and communities 2. 3. Personal background The researcher has a strong interest in marketing ethics as he plans a career in this environment.So he has the motivation to proceed with this paper to conclusion. About the resources, the researc her has access to an Irish environment people, communication, companies. The researcher is working part-time, so he has a flexible time to carry on his research 3. Research Methodology 3. 1 Research problem area Kumar (201148) argues that drawing up research problem is the most critical part of the research abut, and the reason for this is because the quality and relevancy of research rely on it The topic of the thesis has been chosen according to Saunderss guidelines.According Saunders, et al (201228) attributes of a good research topic should -Fulfil your examiners requirements -Something you are able to deal with and enhance your creativeness develop your research skills The researcher should have got enough time, money, and resources for proceeding -Be able to link his topic to academic theories -Have access to randomness he needs The research problem area of this dissertation is about two main subjects Marketing ethics n children blue drink The nix effect on marketin g for ignoring Health, safety, and environmental standards The major goal is to regard and analysis the negative side on marketing for ignoring safety, wellness, and environmental standards in children piano drink and how marketing should response to this ethical issue. 3. 2. Research question Saunders et al (201240) argues the researcher should developed straighten out conclusion from the entropy he garner so that he can plead research question. The question must be involved enough so that can generate the required standards of the project The research question for this dissertation isTo what degree ignoring health, safety, and environmental standards in children soft drinks affecting the Marketing, and how Marketing should response to this ethical issue? 3. 3. Research objectives Kumar (2011) declares that the main objective is a oecumenic statement of the ponder and statement of the main associations and relations that you search to find and snub down. The sub objective is the certain separate of the topic that you indirect request explore inside the main framework of your theatre. According to Saunders (2012) piece of writing useful research objectives requires -Transparency the meaning of the objectives is unclouded Specificity (the aim of the objectives is imbibe and understood relevancy the objectives linked to the research questions) Interconnectivity objectives explain the research process from the beginning to the conclusion accountability the result of the research is achievable quantifiability the aim of the research objective will be clear when it is achieved The general objectives are -To measure the level of negative effectiveness of ignoring marketing ethics in children soft drink -To define marketing ethics -To agnise marketing ethics To explore how consumer react towards the ethical marketing issues -To determine if the marketing has responsibility in this ethical issue or not -To explain how marketing professionals shoul d respond to tackle this ethical problem -To determine the advantages of applying ethics in marketing ethics The personal objectives are * To hornswoggle how to unbending up a Master Level Dissertation * To learn more about marketing ethics and health and health and safety in children soft drink * To learn how to enclothe up an audience * To improve the researcher knowledge regarding qualitative and vicenary research * To validate the dissertation . 4. Research guess According to Grinnell (1988200) A dead reckoning is indite in such a scripted in certain way that can be proven or disproven by valid and reliable selective schooling- it is in order to obtain these training that we perform our reputation (cited from Kumar 201183) Kumar (2011) also defined couple of considerations to musical accompaniment in mind when constructing a hypothesis * A hypothesis should be simple, specific, and clear * A hypothesis should be undefended of verification * A hypothesis should be re lated to the lively body of knowledge * A hypothesis should be operationalisable it can be expressed in ground that can be measuredFigure one the process of testing Hypothesis Source Kumar (2011) Research Methodology level 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 FormulateYour bang or assumption Collect the requireData AnalysisData toDraw conclusion about that hunch- true or sullen The hypotheses set up for this dissertation are H1 Ethical marketing is about whether firms marketing decision is morally right or wrong H2 Marketing ethics is significantly rising at bottom marketing organization H3 Marketing ethics is facing serious problemsH4 Ignoring marketing ethics will have negative effect and damage on marketing H5 Taking care of marketing ethics would lead to positive advert on the marketing H6 The numbers of consumers who have some concern about the negative consequences of marketing are increasing 3. 5. Research target Saunders et al, (2012159) describes the research excogitate as the general plan of how the researcher will go about resolventing your research questions. Saunders et al, (2012) pointed out three fictional characters of research design * beta studies Descriptive studies * Explanatory studies For my dissertation, it will be used two types of research design exploratory and Descriptive Exploratory studies is valuable mean to read open questions to discover what is happening, also it is useful if you offer to clarify your understanding of problem. One of its advantages that it is fixable and convertible to change Descriptive studies the object of this study is to gain an accurate profile of events, persons or situations (Saunders2012) 3. 5. 1 Research philosophyAccording to Saunders (2012) there are three major ways of opinion about research philosophy * Epistemology incontrovertibleness-realism-interpretivism * Ontology Objectivism-subjectivism * Axiology The research philosophies have been chosen for this research positivism. According to Gill and tailson (2010) if your research philosophy reflects positivism then you prefer collecting information about an observation reality and search for regularities and casual relationships in your entropy to create generalizations exchangeable those produced by scientists (cited from Saunders, 2012) 3. 5. Research approach According to Saunders (2012) there are three types of research approach The deductive approach It is a dominant research approach in the natural science, a possibility and hypothesis are developed and a research strategy Designed to test the hypothesis Blaikie (2010) lists six tonuss of the approachs process 1- Put foregoing a hypothesis or set of hypotheses to form a theory 2- By victimisation existing literature, deduce a testable proposition 3- Examine the logic of the argument, equate the argument with existing theories to notice any advanced understanding.If it does, then continue 4- foot race the logic by collecting suppress info to measur e the concepts and analysing it 5- If the result of the analysis is not un unalikeiated with the premises, and then the theory is false 6- If the result of the analysis is consistent with the premises then the theory is corroborated (cited from Saunders, 2012145) -The inductive approach The abductive approach For this project, the best approach is the deductive approach because the researcher uses existing theories and models to find information in order to check his hypotheses and explain the different phenomenon . 5. 3 Research strategy According to Saunders (2012) the get word to your choice of research strategy is that you have to achieve a reasonable level of coherence through your research design which will modify you answer your research questions and meet your objectives. Moreover, Saunders describes eight types of research strategies essay Survey Archival Research encase Study Ethnography Action Research Grounded Theory Narrative Inquiry For this project, t he researcher will combined two different strategies a survey strategy and interrogate 3. 5. 3. 1. Survey StrategyAccording to Saunders et al (2012) Survey victimization questionnaires is popular. Survey strategy allows you to collect denary data which you can break apart utilize descriptive and inferential statistics. Also can suggest thinkable reasons for particular relationships between variables and produce models of these relationships. According to Burns et al (2006) there are five advantages of Survey Surveys provide for standardization Easy to declare Help to uncover unseen data Easy to analyse Reveal subgroup differences For this research, the questionnaire will be administered in person.Saunders et al (2012) verbalize that Survey is used for exploratory and descriptive research. In this project, the questionnaire will be administered to large(p) universe of discourse (over 18) for knowe the level of negative effect on marketing for ignoring health, safety, and environmental standards in children soft drink, and what marketing should response to this ethical issue Saunders (2012) mentioned some advantages of using survey strategy gives more control over the research process disordered cost Data collected is less(prenominal) wide-ranging Limited questions number Allowing piano comparison Easy to explain and understand 3. 5. 3. 2. consultationAccording to Saunders (2012) there are three categories of oppugn -structured query, identical set of questions (standardised) -semi-structured querys interviews are non-standardised, the researcher will have a list of compositions and some key questions to be cover -unstructured interviews you use it to explore in reason a general area in which you are interested This researcher in this project will take non-standardised interview (semi-structured and unstructured interviews) According to King (2004) unstandardised interviews referred as qualitative research interviews (cited from Sa unders 2012) The researcher will take face to face interview and one to one, in public places for consumers. 3. 5. 4 Research method choicequantitative method by and large associated with positivism, and often used as a synonym for any data collection technique (such as questionnaire) or data analysis procedure (such as graphs or statistics) that generates or uses numerical data, Qualitative method generally associated with an interpretive, and often used as a synonym for any data collection technique (such as an interview) or data analysis procedure (such as categories data) that generates or uses non-numerical data According to Blumberg et al, (2008 218) in business research, qualitative as headspring as quantitative are suppress for investigating business research problem What matters is not the choice between quantitative and qualitative, but the quality of the research design and how well the study is conducted This research will take both research methods Qualitative Interv iew Quantitative Questionnaire 3. 5. 5Time horizonSaunders (2012) identified two types of time horizon, and emphasis that the researcher should ask himself Do I want my research to be at particular time? Or Do I want to be more related to dairy or events over a prone period? -longitudinal the main strength of this research is its capacity to study change and development - cross-sectional studies The research will be the study of a certain phenomenon at a certain time. As this dissertation must be on restricted time, therefore, the time horizon will be cross-sectional study 3. 6. Population and Sample Saunders (2012) emphasise that it is impossible for you to collect or to analyse all data available to you owing to restriction of time, money, and access.Moreover S states that consume techniques enable you to reduce the amount of data you need to collect by considering only data from a subgroup rather than all possible elements According to Becker (1998) in selecting a take to stu dy, it should represent the full set of cases in a way that is meaningful and which we can justify (cited from Saunders 2012) the full set of cases from which a sample is taken is called the universe of discourse According to Saunders (2012) we should not assume that collecting data from every group(census)data from entire population would be more useful than collecting data from sample which represent the entire population because sampling provides a valid utility(a) to a According to Kinnear et al, (1996) the advantage of sampling rather than conducting a census is deliverance money Saving time More accurate information Avoiding the destruction of all element in the population According Teresa Brannick (1997) element refers to the subject in which we have a particular interest and population refers to the complete set of particular type of element 4. Data collection, editing, and findings The next step will be what to do with this information. How the information should be analysed, and proven. . 1. Data collection methods 4. 1. 1 Quantitative approach According to Saunders (2012458) questionnaire must identify the form and layout Pilot tested prior to their delivery -specify the information needful -the validity and reliability of your data dependents on the design of your questions -consider the wording of individual questions -arrange the question in the puritanical order 4. 1. 2 Qualitative approach In- depth interview According to Saunders (2012) the interviewer must be -In proper appearance, -Use different types of questions, In good behaviour -Good listening -Record data accurately -Able to deal with difficult participant Scope to say and understand -Open comments when the interview commences Interview advantages Flexibility. swan of the interview situation. High response rate. Interview disadvantages Higher cost Interviewer bias deficiency of anonymity 4. 2. Data editing Data have to be edited, especially when they relate to res ponses to open-ended questions of interviews and questionnaires. In other words, information that may have been noted by interviewer or researcher in a hurry must be intelligibly deciphered so that it may be computed systematically in its entire. Lack of pellucidity at this stage will result later in confusion Sekaran (2003) 4. 2. 1. QuestionnaireAccording to deVaus (2002) questionnaire is a method of data collection in which each person is asked to respond to the same set of questions in predetermine order (cited from Saunders, 2012) According to Malhotra et al (2006) questionnaire has three objectives -Translate the information needed to a set of questions Should be written to minimize demands imposed on respondents Should minimize response error Saunders verbalise that questionnaire is one of the most widely used data collection method within the survey strategy. He emphasise that questionnaire should has particular data so that can answer your question and achieve your ob jective. Moreover, he gave some guidelines in order to maximise your response rate -Carful design of individual questions -Clear and sweet layout -Explanation of the purpose of the questionnaire -Pilot testing Carefully mean and executed delivery and return of -completed questionnaire The researcher followed recommendations from several authors in particular from make (2003p456) to have the best data possible by examining answers of questions given to find, if some question were forgotten or half answered or illegibly 4. 2. 2. Semi-structured interview According to Kumar (2011) we must -Check the data is free from inconsistencies and incompleteness -Practice for interview Kumar (2011) prefers for editing data is to examine all responses given to all the questions by one respondent at a time The researcher will use an phone tape during interview as well as hand written notes to debar problems of editing 4. 3. Data Coding According to cooper et al (2003) coding is the process of assigning numbers and other symbols to answers so we can classify them to categories.According to Saunders (2012) all data type should be recorded using numerical codes. This enables you to enter data cursorily and with few errors. It also makes subsequent analyses. He recommended using existing coding plot as they * Save time * well(p) tested * Allow comparison of your results with others These codes should be included on your data collection form as pre-set codes A code book as defined by Saunders is a complete list of all the codes used to code data variable. 4. 3. 1 Questionnaire Closed questions To analyze quantitative data Kumar (2011257) presented four steps -developing a code book -pre-testing the code book -coding the data verifying the code data overt questions There are three ways proposed by Kumar (2011 256) to cope with the main stand found -To examine verbatim Reponses and coalesce them with text of the embrace to either support or contradict the argument -to assi gn code to each theme and count how frequently each has occurred -to combine both methods to communicate findings The researcher combined methods to get the best information and to be more accurate and effective 4. 3. 2. Semi-structured interview Kumar (2011 278) explained the process as following -Identifying the main theme -assign cedes to the main theme -classify responses under the main theme Integrate themes and responses into the text of your report 4. 4. Limitation Qualitative research Quantitative research The references -Marketing research within a changing information, Hair Joseph et al, 2003) Research methods for business students, Mark saunders et al, London,2012 -Marketing research, Alvin c Burns et al, naked as a jaybird Jersey, 2006 Basic Marketing research, Naresh K Malhotra et al, saucily Jersey, 2006 Marketing research, Thomas C Kinnear, U. S. A, 1996 Marketing research, Kumar, Gorge, 2011, third edition, London, sage publication -business research methods, B oris Blumberg et al, 2008, Business research methods, Teresa brannick et al,1997,u. c. -research and writing dissertation, Colin fish, 2004,U. K -management research, Mark smith, 2008, London -Cross-Cultural Evaluation Laczniak, agent R. , journal of Public Policy Marketing, 07439156, Spring93, Vol. 12, have sex -http//www. learnmarketing. net/ethicalmarketing. htm Marketing to children, Sharon Beder, Citation Sharon Beder, new-fangled College Institute for Values Research, Sydney, 1998, pp. 101-111 American Market associationhttp//www. marketingpower. com/_layouts/Dictionary. aspx? dLetter=M The myth of the ethical consumer do ethics matter in bargain for behaviour? Marylyn Carrigan, Ahmad Attalla, (2001) Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 18 Iss 7, pp. 60 578 -Marketing Ethics Onward Toward Greater Expectations. Laczniak, element R. Journal of Public Policy Marketing. Spring93, Vol. 12 regaining 1, p91-96. 6p. -Marketing ethics is there more to it than the utilitari an approach? Jacques Nantel William A. Weeks. European Journal of Marketing, Jan 1, 1996, Vol. 30, Issue 5 Paul Cowell, The Marketing Review, 2001, 2, 71-87 Marylyn Carrigan, Svetla Marinova, Isabelle Szmigin, (2005) Ethics and international marketing Research background and challenges, International Marketing Review, Vol. 22 Iss 5, pp. 481 493 - Twedt, Dik Warren. Journal of Marketing. Oct63, Vol. 27 Issue 4, p48-50. 3p. Children and business pluralistic ethics of marketers,Michelle Bergadaa, Faculty of economic and Social Sciences, HEC University of Geneva, Geneva, Sharpen up your soft options. Batham, Matthew, Caterer Hotelkeeper 10/14/2004, Vol. 193 Issue 4345, p70-70, 1p, 1 Color Photograph -Business of ethics, Laura P. Hartman,2005, third edition. -Business of ethics, John Fraedrich, Linda Ferrell, 4 edition,2000. -Ethics and conduct of business, John R Boatright,2006,5edition -Business ethics, Andrew Crane, 2007, 2 edition. adjunctes Appendix1 Letter postulation for an Interview Dear I am terminate a master in Marketing with Dublin Business School and I am setting up a research. You are invited to participate in a research study.The purpose of this study is to understand the reactions of the customers towards the marketing for ignoring the safety and health in children soft drinks. I am request you to help me by allowing an interview to discuss about this issue. I would like to share your opinions and ideas about the above subject the interview will take about 15 minutes. Could you please pass on me or give another contact which could be able to answer my questions. Your participation is alert for the study, for my dissertation and for my graduation If you have any quiries please pure tone free to contact me on 0851229419 or by Email at emailprotected com I hope to escort from you soon Thank you for taking time to help Fawzi alshike 9 drinaghmore court Ballyogan Appendix 2 A letter asking to fill the questionnaire Dear allI am end a maste r in Marketing with Dublin Business School and I am setting up a research. You are invited to participate in a research study. The purpose of this study is to understand the reactions of the customers towards the marketing for ignoring the safety and health in children soft drinks. So I am asking for your help in completing the enclosed questionnaires which is part of my research. Your response is important in enabling me to obtain as full as understanding as possible of this topical issue. The questionnaire should only take about 5 minutes to complete. enjoy ensure the questions in the space provided. If you want to add further comments, please feel free to do so.Your participation is rattling for the study, for my research and for my graduation. Please send me back the questionnaire to my personal Email. Pleas fill out the questionnaire by the 20 of this month. Thank you for taking time to help me. Fawzi alshike emailprotected com Appendix 3 describe of my literature review 1- The marketing ethics concepts and theories 2- The negative side on marketing for ignoring the health and safety in children soft drink Appendix 4 Timetable management 1 their opinion about the health and safety in children soft drink 3- is marketing responsible for this ethical issue 4- -what should marketing do to tackle the problem